Increasing the CALM; Decreasing the TANTRUM
That title truly seems like a win-win, doesn't it? I think so, too. Often times, tantrums are a child's way of communicating they are upset, tired, hungry, or uncomfortable; or because they can't get something (for example, an object or a parent) to do what they want; which may be causing them frustration. This post will focus on providing the child an effective schedule and transition pattern by offering the caregiver effective strategies to prevent tantrums.
Children develop their emotional regulation skills over time which is why tantrums usually take place during toddlerhood and early childhood. As caregivers, it is important that you keep yourself calm when handling the child's tantrum. Take a deep breath in order to gain control of the situation in order to not exacerbate it by not engaging in screaming or physical punishment. By maintaining calm, you will be able to appropriately discipline your child and have better long-term effects.
The following are preventative strategies:
1- Make sure the child knows how much longer the activity will last. This ensures that the child will not be caught off guard when the activity comes to an end. In order to do this, be sure to provide the child with a countdown, give them warnings ahead of time and/or investing in a visual timer.
2- It is important that the child knows what is coming next.
Just like anyone, a child also wants to know what to expect. Some ways of providing this information are using a picture schedule (with text and image), alternate between activities that the child enjoys and those that aren't as liked by the child (preferred and non-preferred activities), and most importantly, be consistent with the schedule. If anything does have to change, be sure to inform the child by telling and showing them.
3- Taking a break in between activities.
When your child is transitioning from one activity to another, it is important to allow them the chance to take a break and mentally prepare for the new task at hand. Movement breaks on a trampoline or walking is good to get energy flowing. Another good option is to have a sensory break for the child to play with playdoh, water beads, putty, water and more.
4- Reduce the frustration of waiting in between activities and master the art of distraction.
Provide the child with something to do while they wait. In addition to what I've mentioned previously, you can also sing songs or play games with the child in order to keep them entertained.
5- Solidify a method of of signaling that an activity is over.
Yes, we can say "all done" or "time to clean up" but there are more effective methods of delivering that information that will ensure a smooth transition. Sometimes turning off the lights, singing the clean up song, clapping, or asking the child to help you clean will be all it takes. These are all methods of conditioning the child to know that the end of the activity has arrived. After doing this a few times, the child will understand that when the lights are turned off or the clean up song comes on it is time to clean up and move on to the next activity.
Each of these strategies are preventative and work towards decreasing tantrums while providing the child effective methods in which to transition. They are all positive methods allowing for a social and emotional learning environment.